نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

دکترای تاریخ و مدرس مهمان در گروه تاریخِ دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

این تحقیق بر­آن بودهاست تا تفاوت نگرش سیاسی سنتی ایلچی­های ایرانی را با نگرش دیپلوماتیک مدرن سفیران روسی در منطقه فرارود آشکار سازد. سفرنامه بخارا گزارش سفر یک ایلچی ایرانی است­که از سوی محمد شاه قاجار به بخارا اعزام شد.سفارت نامه خوارزم نیز گزارش سفر میرزا رضا قلی خان ایلچیناصرالدین شاه قاجار است که به خیوه اعزام شد.سفرنامه ترکستان گزارشپاشینو مأمور محرمانۀ روسیه در تاشکنداز سفر به فرارودمی­باشد. شرح آسیای مرکزینیز گزارش کستنکو مأمور نظامی روسیه در منطقۀ فرارود است. هر چهار متن تاریخی به یک دوره تاریخی درسده سیزدهم هجری در منطقهفرارودتعلق دارند؛یعنی از اندکی پیش از سلطه نظامی روس­ها تا آستانه تهاجم آنان بهاین منطقه. در این تحقیق بر اساس روش مقایسه­ای و تحلیل محتوا،نگرش دیپلوماتیک دو مأمور ایرانی با دو مأمور روسی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.حاصل تحقیق مبیّن این است که روس­ها دنیاگرایانه در منابع، فرهنگ، اجتماع، دین، سیاست، آداب و رسوم  جستجو می­کنند و می­خواهند از همه امکانات و منافع اقتصادی موجود نهایت بهره­برداری را داشته باشند و با سلطه نظامی مالکیت سیاسی سرزمینی را از آن خود سازند. در حالی­که ایرانی­ها برای بزرگنمایی شکوه و جلال اعلی حضرت شاهنشاه می­کوشند و فقط درپی باز پس­گیری ولایات از دست رفته و آزادی اسیران خود می­باشند.AbstractThe aim of this survey is to reveal the differences between the traditional political attitudes of Iranian envoys and the modern diplomatic attitudes of Russian ambassadors in Transoxiana region. Bukhara logbook is a report of an Iranian envoy that has been dispatched to Bukhara by Mohammad Shah Qajar. The travelogue of Khorezmis is also a report of Reza Qoli Mirza Khan, envoy of Naseraddin Shah Qajar that has been dispatched to Khiva. Turkistan travel trip report is the report of Pashino who was the secret agent of Russia in Tashkent about his travelling to Transoxiana region; description of Central Asia of Kostenko that was the Russian military official in the region of Transoxiana. Each of the four historical texts belongs to the same historical period, that  is, the thirteenth century AH in Transoxiana region, a short while before Russian military domination up to their invasion`s threshold in this region. In this survey the diplomatic attitude of two Iranian agents with two Russian agents has been evaluated according “Comparative” & “Content analysis” methods. The result of this survey expresses that the Russians seek sources, culture, society, religion, policy and customs secularly and they want to have maximum exploitation by all existed facilities and economic interests and through military domination to gain political control of a land while the Iranians were just making effort to keep the king`s magnificence and grandiosity and are just thinking about retaking lost cities and states and release their captives.Keywords: Envoy, Ambassador, Political attitude, Iran, Russia, Transoxiana 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of the Attitudes of Iranian Envoys and the Russian Ones on the Eve of the Russian Military Invasion on Transoxiana

چکیده [English]

The aim of this survey is to reveal the differences between the traditional political attitudes of Iranian envoys and the modern diplomatic attitudes of Russian ambassadors in Transoxiana region. Bukhara logbook is a report of an Iranian envoy that has been dispatched to Bukhara by Mohammad Shah Qajar. The travelogue of Khorezmis is also a report of Reza Qoli Mirza Khan, envoy of Naseraddin Shah Qajar that has been dispatched to Khiva. Turkistan travel trip report is the report of Pashino who was the secret agent of Russia in Tashkent about his travelling to Transoxiana region; description of Central Asia of Kostenko that was the Russian military official in the region of Transoxiana. Each of the four historical texts belongs to the same historical period, that  is, the thirteenth century AH in Transoxiana region, a short while before Russian military domination up to their invasion`s threshold in this region. In this survey the diplomatic attitude of two Iranian agents with two Russian agents has been evaluated according “Comparative” & “Content analysis” methods. The result of this survey expresses that the Russians seek sources, culture, society, religion, policy and customs secularly and they want to have maximum exploitation by all existed facilities and economic interests and through military domination to gain political control of a land while the Iranians were just making effort to keep the king`s magnificence and grandiosity and are just thinking about retaking lost cities and states and release their captives.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Envoy
  • Ambassador
  • Political attitude
  • Iran
  • Russia
  • Transoxiana