Shahid Beheshti UniversityTārīkh-i Īrān2008-73573220110220THE IMPACT OF THE THIRD ECONOMIC PLAN (1962-1968) IN AGRICULTURE OF IRANTHE IMPACT OF THE THIRD ECONOMIC PLAN (1962-1968) IN AGRICULTURE OF IRAN12294570FAJournal Article20150517The land reform has affected sharply the whole economic, social and political structure of Iran. evidences and figures show that this trend shaped huge wave of migration. This article, based on formal documents and Published figures discusses about the third economic plan (1962 -1968) of Iran and land reforms during same period especially on agricultural Sector of Iran and their effects on the demographical structure of the country. Also tries to investigate the main tendency of the third economic plan on land reforms in agricultural sector and scale their success on the ground.The land reform has affected sharply the whole economic, social and political structure of Iran. evidences and figures show that this trend shaped huge wave of migration. This article, based on formal documents and Published figures discusses about the third economic plan (1962 -1968) of Iran and land reforms during same period especially on agricultural Sector of Iran and their effects on the demographical structure of the country. Also tries to investigate the main tendency of the third economic plan on land reforms in agricultural sector and scale their success on the ground.https://irhj.sbu.ac.ir/article_94570_8e7c851d8871cd372d08f501878cc8bc.pdfShahid Beheshti UniversityTārīkh-i Īrān2008-73573220110220EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPING OF KERMAN'S SHEYKHID IN QAJAR PERIODEMERGENCE AND DEVELOPING OF KERMAN'S SHEYKHID IN QAJAR PERIOD234894561FAJournal Article20150517A variety of facts played role in expansion of Sheikhie in Kerman and this study tries to consider those facts and functions of Sheikhie in this city. study of historical facts, based on historical research method, shows social and cultural disturbance, especially in opinionative situation of Kerman, lack of strong canonic and scientific circle, Kerman's vicinity to Yazd Province - which was Sheikh Ehsai's residence, Inclination of Ebrahim Khan Zahiroldole, Kerman's ruler, to Sheikh Ehsai, Haj Mohammad Karin Khan's (His son) tendency to Ehsai and receiving permition From Seyyed Kazem Rashti, are most important facts of this expansion. Also Haj Mohamman Karim Khan's use of Material and spiritual backings Kerman and His and His Succecors acts in carrying Preach sermonies, speaches in Mosques, Teaching in Ebrahimieh school, and compilation of books and epistles on Sheikhi canon Helped with This sect's social and opinionative cohesion.
A variety of facts played role in expansion of Sheikhie in Kerman and this study tries to consider those facts and functions of Sheikhie in this city. study of historical facts, based on historical research method, shows social and cultural disturbance, especially in opinionative situation of Kerman, lack of strong canonic and scientific circle, Kerman's vicinity to Yazd Province - which was Sheikh Ehsai's residence, Inclination of Ebrahim Khan Zahiroldole, Kerman's ruler, to Sheikh Ehsai, Haj Mohammad Karin Khan's (His son) tendency to Ehsai and receiving permition From Seyyed Kazem Rashti, are most important facts of this expansion. Also Haj Mohamman Karim Khan's use of Material and spiritual backings Kerman and His and His Succecors acts in carrying Preach sermonies, speaches in Mosques, Teaching in Ebrahimieh school, and compilation of books and epistles on Sheikhi canon Helped with This sect's social and opinionative cohesion.
https://irhj.sbu.ac.ir/article_94561_66f75001389daed437ba551211e6e91f.pdfShahid Beheshti UniversityTārīkh-i Īrān2008-73573220110220HISTORICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ELEMENTS OF URBAN SOCIETY OF IRAN IN THE LATE PERIOD OF SASSANIDHISTORICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ELEMENTS OF URBAN SOCIETY OF IRAN IN THE LATE PERIOD OF SASSANID497094556FAJournal Article20150517Urbanism in Iran in Sassanid period have a considerable evolution. Although urbanism in this period has its root in previous periods, but the Sassanid city from city body point of view and periodical function has experienced an evolution and development and some parts was added to it. There are some factors which influenced on urban development of Sassanid city and in this paper 4 of dimensions of it namely political, social, cultural and economical factors which are influential in this evolution has been studies; therefore, the aim of this paper is to describe historical characteristics and analyze the main elements of the urban society of Sassanid period from the point of view of role and effect of political, social, cultural and economical trends which have influential in this regard. Studying this matter by describing and historical analysis shows that Sassanid city with political, military and central government domain has found a deeper consistency comparing to the past periods. Also the urban society and the body of the Sassanid city has been under the influence of religious teachings, social ideals and worldview of that period.
Urbanism in Iran in Sassanid period have a considerable evolution. Although urbanism in this period has its root in previous periods, but the Sassanid city from city body point of view and periodical function has experienced an evolution and development and some parts was added to it. There are some factors which influenced on urban development of Sassanid city and in this paper 4 of dimensions of it namely political, social, cultural and economical factors which are influential in this evolution has been studies; therefore, the aim of this paper is to describe historical characteristics and analyze the main elements of the urban society of Sassanid period from the point of view of role and effect of political, social, cultural and economical trends which have influential in this regard. Studying this matter by describing and historical analysis shows that Sassanid city with political, military and central government domain has found a deeper consistency comparing to the past periods. Also the urban society and the body of the Sassanid city has been under the influence of religious teachings, social ideals and worldview of that period.
https://irhj.sbu.ac.ir/article_94556_47c21e9471efb3f3f640bed3d7ef5fd6.pdfShahid Beheshti UniversityTārīkh-i Īrān2008-73573220110220THE IMPACT OF WORLD WAR II ON INDUSTRIALIZATION POLICY IN IRANTHE IMPACT OF WORLD WAR II ON INDUSTRIALIZATION POLICY IN IRAN719294551FAJournal Article20150517World War II which was the result of some political European contact started 1939، had alto of political and economic consequences in Iran. As the result of such condition the industrialization project، which was one of the governmentُs economic policy in Iran during the Reza shah era, was impressed by this war. World War II effected industrialization in Iran in tow phase and paved the way for failure of this policy in Iran. The first phase of this effect started from the outbreak of World War II until occupation of Iran in Shahrivar 1320 and the second phase was started after occupation by the Allies. By survey of books and archived documents this article deal with problem according to historical approach to put forward this question that why and how World War II affected industrialization policy in Iran? To answer this question the hypothesis is that the necessity of establishing, equipping and keeping of newborn industry of Iran made it dependent on experts and industry of Germany. Since Iran industries depended to Germany Industries and experts, Marine blockade of Germany by England led to crisis for Iran Industries. Afterward occupation of Iran by the Allies pawed the way for either failure of industry or served according to the military policies of Allies.
World War II which was the result of some political European contact started 1939، had alto of political and economic consequences in Iran. As the result of such condition the industrialization project، which was one of the governmentُs economic policy in Iran during the Reza shah era, was impressed by this war. World War II effected industrialization in Iran in tow phase and paved the way for failure of this policy in Iran. The first phase of this effect started from the outbreak of World War II until occupation of Iran in Shahrivar 1320 and the second phase was started after occupation by the Allies. By survey of books and archived documents this article deal with problem according to historical approach to put forward this question that why and how World War II affected industrialization policy in Iran? To answer this question the hypothesis is that the necessity of establishing, equipping and keeping of newborn industry of Iran made it dependent on experts and industry of Germany. Since Iran industries depended to Germany Industries and experts, Marine blockade of Germany by England led to crisis for Iran Industries. Afterward occupation of Iran by the Allies pawed the way for either failure of industry or served according to the military policies of Allies.
https://irhj.sbu.ac.ir/article_94551_54f76b2504c6bea6a969ffed6340a567.pdfShahid Beheshti UniversityTārīkh-i Īrān2008-73573220110220THE ROLE OF ARISTOCRATIC FAMILIES IN MONGOL - ILKHANID ARMENIA (CASE STUDY: MEXARGRCELI LORDS)THE ROLE OF ARISTOCRATIC FAMILIES IN MONGOL - ILKHANID ARMENIA (CASE STUDY: MEXARGRCELI LORDS)9311694546FAJournal Article20150517o Bagratid kingdom from Georgia. One of these lords' family was Mexargrclis which ruled over the most part of Armenia. So on the eve of Mongole invasion they inevitably considered as Mongols' side and consequently Mongol dominant over Armenia was affected by the situation of Mexargrceli family. Afterward there was a reciprocal relation between the Mongol – Ilkhanid policy about Armenia and the developments related to Mexargrceli family. Present Article is going to clear and analyse relation between Mexargrceli and Mongols, clearing the role of local aristocratic families in regional developments. The main finding is that Mongols used these subject rulers for their regional policies and also control of Bagratid kingdom.
o Bagratid kingdom from Georgia. One of these lords' family was Mexargrclis which ruled over the most part of Armenia. So on the eve of Mongole invasion they inevitably considered as Mongols' side and consequently Mongol dominant over Armenia was affected by the situation of Mexargrceli family. Afterward there was a reciprocal relation between the Mongol – Ilkhanid policy about Armenia and the developments related to Mexargrceli family. Present Article is going to clear and analyse relation between Mexargrceli and Mongols, clearing the role of local aristocratic families in regional developments. The main finding is that Mongols used these subject rulers for their regional policies and also control of Bagratid kingdom.
https://irhj.sbu.ac.ir/article_94546_d289516acbe4d6199eb3fdf05b1a1a80.pdfShahid Beheshti UniversityTārīkh-i Īrān2008-73573220110220IMPORTANCE AND ROLE OF CAPITAL CITY IN INTELLECTUAL AND EXECUTIVE STRUCTURE OF KARIM KHAN-E ZANDIMPORTANCE AND ROLE OF CAPITAL CITY IN INTELLECTUAL AND EXECUTIVE STRUCTURE OF KARIM KHAN-E ZAND11713694543FAJournal Article20150517As a political, economic, executive and sometimes cultural and social center of a country, Capital city is the main part of political and executive geography of every government. Every dynasty determines a place to be its capital and in a country like Iran any change in the location of this capital city had been of the great importance. Since capital city is the symbol of power, dignity and magnificence of a government, it should be located based on a well defined pattern, and its architecture and renovation must be in way that shows its privilege over other cities from the defense, economic and ornamentation viewpoint in national and international scenes. It seems that there are some special reasons behind the decision of Karim Khan in choosing Shiraz for his seat of government. He also tried to improve Shiraz’s status. This paper is to present an analytical discussion of the factors having affected this decision through raising such questions as: why Shiraz was chosen by Karim Khan as his capital city? And what type of pattern was considered in the process of this selection? Findings show that factors such as centralization, renovation of urban structure, economic improvement according to traditional patterns and Shiraz’s importance and historical background were influential in this process and putting the city as a seat for government. Also, Shiraz has got more prosperity due to population movements.
As a political, economic, executive and sometimes cultural and social center of a country, Capital city is the main part of political and executive geography of every government. Every dynasty determines a place to be its capital and in a country like Iran any change in the location of this capital city had been of the great importance. Since capital city is the symbol of power, dignity and magnificence of a government, it should be located based on a well defined pattern, and its architecture and renovation must be in way that shows its privilege over other cities from the defense, economic and ornamentation viewpoint in national and international scenes. It seems that there are some special reasons behind the decision of Karim Khan in choosing Shiraz for his seat of government. He also tried to improve Shiraz’s status. This paper is to present an analytical discussion of the factors having affected this decision through raising such questions as: why Shiraz was chosen by Karim Khan as his capital city? And what type of pattern was considered in the process of this selection? Findings show that factors such as centralization, renovation of urban structure, economic improvement according to traditional patterns and Shiraz’s importance and historical background were influential in this process and putting the city as a seat for government. Also, Shiraz has got more prosperity due to population movements.
https://irhj.sbu.ac.ir/article_94543_c3db572b8330023fb0fed8caa2edc453.pdfShahid Beheshti UniversityTārīkh-i Īrān2008-73573220110220The Establishment of Turkish Shahbandari and the Role of Mohammad Sámi Beig in Islamic Triple Alliance Iran, Turkey and Afghanistan
aThe Establishment of Turkish Shahbandari and the Role of Mohammad Sámi Beig in Islamic Triple Alliance Iran, Turkey and Afghanistan
a13715694531FAJournal Article20150517Ottoman government did not have political presence in Mashhad during Qajar's period but has found some supporters such as Caucasians Turks beginning of the World War I, when the alliance of Islamic world was presented. After the Ottoman's defeated and formation of Turk National Great parliament, the relationship of new government with Iran and Afghanistan increased. So Mashhad was one of the relation centers of these three Islamic governments. By the establishments of Afghanistan's consult in the late Qajar's period, turkey established it's Shahbandari in Mashhad in 1341. The entrance of Mohammad Sami Beig caused important steps in Islamic world alliance for flattering istar and moonj flag. So practical actions were performed for the alliance of Iran, turkey and Afghanistan and the conditions became better for their alliance in Reza shah period. Sami Beig's operation and England and Russia's reaction is another subject that has not been considered yet. In this article, the reasons of Shahbandari's establishment , Sami Beig's operation in different fields such as giving speech in imam Reza' s holy shrine, visiting schools, meeting with journalists, holding Friday pray and Fetr's pray, participating in mourning, encouraging and supporting English policies' opponents and the relationship with Afghanistan's consult will be investigated.
Ottoman government did not have political presence in Mashhad during Qajar's period but has found some supporters such as Caucasians Turks beginning of the World War I, when the alliance of Islamic world was presented. After the Ottoman's defeated and formation of Turk National Great parliament, the relationship of new government with Iran and Afghanistan increased. So Mashhad was one of the relation centers of these three Islamic governments. By the establishments of Afghanistan's consult in the late Qajar's period, turkey established it's Shahbandari in Mashhad in 1341. The entrance of Mohammad Sami Beig caused important steps in Islamic world alliance for flattering istar and moonj flag. So practical actions were performed for the alliance of Iran, turkey and Afghanistan and the conditions became better for their alliance in Reza shah period. Sami Beig's operation and England and Russia's reaction is another subject that has not been considered yet. In this article, the reasons of Shahbandari's establishment , Sami Beig's operation in different fields such as giving speech in imam Reza' s holy shrine, visiting schools, meeting with journalists, holding Friday pray and Fetr's pray, participating in mourning, encouraging and supporting English policies' opponents and the relationship with Afghanistan's consult will be investigated.
https://irhj.sbu.ac.ir/article_94531_37528c2ed2e0e8fe4827df9ee326bc01.pdf