Tārīkh-i Īrān

Research Paper

Gnostic Roots of the Myth of Creation in Manichaeism beliefs

Roozbeh Zarrinkoob; Toufiq Hosseini

Volume 13, Issue 1 , May 2020, Pages 1-27

https://doi.org/10.52547/irhj.13.1.1

Abstract

The impression and influence of intellectual concepts and beliefs on one another has always been the subject of scholars’ research throughout of history. The evolution of the ... Read More

Research Paper

The Impact of Conflicts between Military and Courtiers on Political Instability in the Late Safavids (1677-1722)

somayeh Ansari; Ataollah Hassani

Volume 13, Issue 1 , May 2020, Pages 29-50

https://doi.org/10.52547/irhj.13.1.29

Abstract

A set of structural factors such as the socio-economic structure of government, its legitimacy and the continuity of its effectiveness, the intellectual and cultural conditions of the ... Read More

Research Paper

A study on reflection of Zarwani Beliefs in Iranian Written Folk Tales (Case study: Darabnameh and Hamza's story)

omid golanbari; amirabbas azizifar

Volume 13, Issue 1 , May 2020, Pages 51-76

https://doi.org/10.52547/irhj.13.1.51

Abstract

The history of the Sassanid era is one of the most important historical-social and political-religious periods of Iran. The study of the doctrinal and ideological aspects of the Iranian ... Read More The history of the Sassanid era is one of the most important historical-social and political-religious periods of Iran. The study of the doctrinal and ideological aspects of the Iranian people in this historical period, in the context of literary and folk texts, is a remarkable research. Zarwanism is one of the most important and philosophical schools of thought and belief in Iran during the Sassanid historical period that had a direct impact on folklore and folk tales. This research is in the form of interdisciplinary research and descriptive-analytical method following a historical-doctrinal reading of the Sassanid period based on folk texts. Among the most important texts of Iranian written folk tales, two stories of Darabnameh Tarsousi and the story of Hamzeh have been selected. The reason for choosing these two stories is their similarity or approximation, their language and time, as well as the degree of reflection of Zarwani components in them. The issue of this research is what effect has Zarwanism had on folk texts, what are the components of the beliefs of this religion in these texts, and which belief is more frequent than other beliefs? It seems that popular texts that have epic-mythological themes and belong to the Sassanid historical period, more than other texts are associated with these beliefs. The most important Zarwani beliefs reflected in these two stories include, namely, divination and astrology, negative view of women, inevitable destiny, belief in the punishment and reward of this world, condemnation, meaningful reflection of the symbolic numbers seven and twelve, luck, the frequent presence of sages and various and surreal creations. The article concludes that astrology with 48 cases, code number seven with 36 cases, inevitability of fate with 30 cases, presence of sages with 29 cases, various and surreal creations with 29 cases, code number twelve with 26 cases, negative view of women with 25 cases, punishment and the reward of this world with 12 cases, luck with 8 cases and condemnation with 7 cases have the highest frequency, respectively.

Research Paper

A Model for Studying Socio-political Key Concepts in the History of Contemporary Iran

Sima Hassandokht Firooz; AmirAli Nojoumian; Negar Davari Ardakani

Volume 13, Issue 1 , May 2020, Pages 77-99

https://doi.org/10.52547/irhj.13.1.77

Abstract

The Iranian time and the Persian language concepts have been condensed and accumulated by the plurality and accelerated events of the last century. The semantic chaos is manifested ... Read More The Iranian time and the Persian language concepts have been condensed and accumulated by the plurality and accelerated events of the last century. The semantic chaos is manifested in a lexical field of a concept and competition of the synonymous words. “Ranjbar”, “Mostaz’af”, “Zahmatkesh”, “Tohidast”, and “Gheshr-e Asibpazir” can be considered as belonging to the lexical field of “Forudastan” (the subalterns) and questions can be raised of what are the reasons for their emergence and how they have become keywords in the events and periods of contemporary history in a particular stage; what are the relations of power and ideology hidden behind the productive and preaching discourses of these words; what kind of intertextuality is there; how each word has become hegemonic; what meanings they have and what semantic fields they have gone through over time, and under what conditions these fluctuations and peaks and declines have been possible. In this study, which has both historical and linguistic aspects, first of all, the research method and model, itself, becomes a problem that make us to ask which historical and linguistic approaches can help the researcher to find more accurate answers to these questions. As such, the present theoretical research proposes a combined model of linguistics and history in which Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis is centralized and two other approaches from the fields of history and semantics, namely conceptual history by Reinhart Koselleck and lexical field by Jost Trier, are applied to provide an analytical model that works for both historians with linguistic concerns and for linguists who think historically. [1]. Ph. D Candidate of Linguistics, Shahid Beheshti University, Email: s.hassandokht@gmail.com [2]. Associate Professor of English Litrature, Shahid Beheshti University, Email: amiran35@hotmail.com [3]. Associate Professor of Linguistics, Shahid Beheshti University, Email: n.davari@yahoo.com

Research Paper

Houses of Equity; judicial modernization or a return to procedural traditions

reza bigdelou

Volume 13, Issue 1 , May 2020, Pages 101-120

https://doi.org/10.52547/irhj.13.1.101

Abstract

Non-formality, self-governance, and relative independence of judicial institutions were believed to be the historical characteristics of procedural tradition in Iran. In the modern ... Read More

Research Paper

Examination of the Process of Changing the Institution of the “vizierate” and Creating New Ministries During the Iranian Constitutional Revolution

Seyedeh Fatemeh Sadatnejad; Sohrab Yazdani; Mohammad Taghi Mokhtari

Volume 13, Issue 1 , May 2020, Pages 121-141

https://doi.org/10.52547/irhj.13.1.121

Abstract

The institution of the “vizierate” was the center of Iran's bureaucratic order throughout history. The “vizier” was at the head of the system with ... Read More The institution of the “vizierate” was the center of Iran's bureaucratic order throughout history. The “vizier” was at the head of the system with various titles, such as the grand chancellor, the chancellor, etc., were administering the country with heads of the bureaux assistance. Some efforts were made to renovate the Iran’s bureaucratic system from the time of Nasser al-Din Shah. These efforts were two-fold: the creation of multiple ministries and the modification of the position of the Chancellor. This was simply not possible as a change in the institution of the “vizierate”. Because the institutions resisted the change. By the end of the reign of Mozaffar al-Din Shah, numerous ministerial titles were created, while the focus of affairs remained on the chancellery, without the "multiple ministries" being transformed. The present study, using a descriptive-analytic method and library resources, attempts to answer the question of the quality of changing the institution of vizierate and creating modern ministries during the Iranian constitutional revolution. The findings of study show that the Constitutional Revolution provided the necessary force for a sudden change in the “vizierate” structure. This realization came about through a new meaning consolidation of the concept of “Vizier”. This semantic consolidation was realized through the concept of "responsible minister." The concept of "responsible minister" in the bureaucratic and political contexts of Iran, had roots in the Nasseri and Mozaffari era reformists. Following the victory of the constitution, the realization of the constitutional government was considered as the "responsibility" of the ministers. On the other hand, the turbulences of the first months after the victory of the Constitutional Revolution transformed the form of the executive system and the concept of ministry into a central issue for political activists. The unification of these two factors provided the basis for a change in the institution of the “vizierate”, the removal of numerous pre-constitutional ministerial titles, and the creation of new ministries as a new institution.

Research Paper

Structural function and disruption of Cohesion in analyzing the role of Divergent Forces in Iranian society (from the Decline of the Sassanids to the Rise of the Khorasanian movement)

kurosh salehi

Volume 13, Issue 1 , May 2020, Pages 143-170

https://doi.org/10.52547/irhj.13.1.143

Abstract

Analytical study of Arab-Islamic sources and mnemohistory historiography in the internal changes of Iranshahri society shows that the function of divergent forces in the decline of ... Read More Analytical study of Arab-Islamic sources and mnemohistory historiography in the internal changes of Iranshahri society shows that the function of divergent forces in the decline of the Sassanid government and weakening the reactions of the revivalist forces of the Iranian government until the emergence of the Khorasanian movement was not simple without historical and social change. This article seeks to document the changes in the main social institutions and lower strata of Iranian society in the process of diverging from the Sassanid rule and then joining these components to the caliphate and then changing their orientation from caliphate to an unsuccessful attempt to reorganize power and revive the thinking of Iranshahri government. Offer the era of the Umayyad caliphs and using the method of interdisciplinary studies, ie information in history and close theories in sociology, to answer the question of what was the role and function of divergent forces in Iranian society from the decline of the Sassanids to the rise of the Khorasanian movement? It is assumed that the function of divergent forces in Iranian society since the middle of the Sassanid period has been more to secede from the Sassanid system. As at the time of the fall of the Sassanids, most components of power became divergent factors, and with successive defeats in the war against the Muslim Arabs, a period began to absorb and compromise with the new center of power, the caliphate. The Sassanid regime joined the new caliphate system. The findings of the research show that the infrastructure of developments related to the fall of the Sassanids and the continuation of the rule of the Arab governors, in terms of the function of divergent forces from the government of Iranshahri (in this period), has acted differently in internal and external dimensions. Despite the narrative and motivational views about this period, it seems that several factors were involved in the fall of the Sassanids and the continuing lack of government in Iran, factors that were mainly formed during the Sassanid period and some of them were strongly encouraged by Arab governors and immigrants. Contrary to the general context of historical sources and research, the reasons for incoherence in this period have been multifaceted.

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Volume & Issue: Volume 13, Issue 1 - Serial Number 28, May 2020

Gnostic Roots of the Myth of Creation in Manichaeism beliefs

Abstract

The Impact of Conflicts between Military and Courtiers on Political Instability in the Late Safavids (1677-1722)

Abstract

A study on reflection of Zarwani Beliefs in Iranian Written Folk Tales (Case study: Darabnameh and Hamza's story)

Abstract

A Model for Studying Socio-political Key Concepts in the History of Contemporary Iran

Abstract

Houses of Equity; judicial modernization or a return to procedural traditions

Abstract

Examination of the Process of Changing the Institution of the “vizierate” and Creating New Ministries During the Iranian Constitutional Revolution

Abstract

Structural function and disruption of Cohesion in analyzing the role of Divergent Forces in Iranian society (from the Decline of the Sassanids to the Rise of the Khorasanian movement)

Abstract