نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه شیراز
2 دانشگاه بامبرگ
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
The sweeping system in Shiraz during the Pahlavi era, as part of the urban modernization process, encountered significant social transformations and structural challenges. This study addresses two primary research questions: What social, institutional, and economic challenges did sweepers, as an emerging group shaped by modernity in a traditional city like Shiraz, face? And how did the central government’s modernization and centralization policies impact the sweeping system and its structural changes in Pahlavi-era Shiraz? Employing a descriptive-analytical method, this research draws on archival documents, local press reports, and library resources. The findings reveal that sweepers, beyond their technical duties such as street cleaning and waste management, performed multifaceted roles, including ditch dredging, transporting waste outside the city, irrigating trees, and even participating in firefighting operations. These activities not only contributed to improved urban hygiene and order but also served as a symbol of state authority and social order in public spaces. In line with the Pahlavi regime’s centralizing policies and the strengthening of local bureaucratic institutions, sweepers’ activities became more structured. However, this group faced numerous challenges, including low wages, frequent delays in payment, lack of social insurance, job insecurity, spatial discrimination in the allocation of urban resources, and the absence of institutional housing. The introduction of mechanized tools, modern division of labor, and the use of uniforms, while improving the outward appearance of their work, failed to address deep-seated social and class inequalities. This study demonstrates that, despite their critical role in ensuring urban order, safety, and hygiene, sweepers lacked sufficient legal and livelihood support. Structural inequalities persisted, and superficial improvements in conditions could not bridge the profound social and economic divides.
کلیدواژهها [English]
)