نظام هیئت وزرایی در ایران پیشامشروطه

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تاریخ ایران دوره اسلمی و مربی گروه تاریخ دانشگاه پیام نور

2 دانشیار گروه تاریخ دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

سازمان اداری ایران در دوره قاجاریه با اقتباس از تشکیلات اداری دوره صفویه شکل گرفت و همگام با تثبیت حکومت قاجاریه و توسعه روابط خارجی، به سرعت گسترش یافت. بخش زیادی از این گسترش تشکیلات مربوط به دوره طولانی حکومت ناصرالدین شاه قاجار است. در دوره ناصری نه تنها گستره این تشکیلات افزایش یافت ، بلکه تغییرات زیادی نیز در بدنه و ساختار آن بروز کرد. بخش مهمی از این تغییرات در حوزه وزارتخانه ها و مربوط به شکل گیری هیئت وزرا بود. شناسایی این تغییرات و زمینه ها و عوامل موثر بر بروز این تغییرات، و ارزیابی اندیشه دید گاه های انتقادی نخبگان دوره ناصری در این خصوص ، مهمترین مساله این تحقیق است.این بررسی با اتکا و استناد به داده های تاریخی موجود و با روش توصیفی- استدلالی و در حوزه مطالعات کتابخانه ای صورت گرفته است.دستاوردهای تحقیق نشان داد : رفع آشفتگی های تشکیلات اداری، افزایش جایگاه و توانمندی حکومت قاجارها – که بواسطه شکستهای سیاسی و نظامی از روسها و انگلیس ها به شدت تضعیف شده بود - اقتباس از تشکیلات اداری غرب را که حاصل سفرهای ناصرالدین شاه و برخی درباریان به اروپا بود و در نهایت اندیشه های اصلاحگرایانه و تجدد خواهی در میان برخی شخصیتهای سیاسی و اداری دوره ناصری، از مهمترین عوامل بروز این تغییرات بوده است.نطام هیئت وزرایی، ایران، ناصرالدین شاه، قاجاریه.AbstractIn the Qajar period, administrative structures of Iran were constituted on the same basis that formed such structures in the Safavieh period. They started their rapid developments through governmental integrations and comprehensive foreign relations. Most of these developments belonged to Naser-adin Shah government. In Naseri era, not only did these organizations develop, but also many changes in body and structure occurred. One of these important changes was in administration cabinet minister formation. Recognition of these changes and their efficient prerogatives, backgrounds and evaluation of critical attitudes of thinkers of the period constitute the argument of the present study. The present study utilizes archival historical documents and descriptive-analytical method. The results of the study indicate that the most important prerogatives for such drastic changes in administrative structure were obviation of administrative confusion and chaos, authoritative  empowerment of the Qajar government ─ which had been enervated dramatically after their political and military defeat against Russia and Britain ─ emulation of administrative structure of western models ─ which had been materialized in Nasser Al-Din Shah’s expeditions to the West, modernization of the royal court and reformist affinities of some of political and administrative personages of the time.Keywords: Cabinet Ministers, Iran, Nasser Al-Din Shah, Qajar

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Cabinet Ministers before Constitutional Revolution of Iran

چکیده [English]

In the Qajar period, administrative structures of Iran were constituted on the same basis that formed such structures in the Safavieh period. They started their rapid developments through governmental integrations and comprehensive foreign relations. Most of these developments belonged to Naser-adin Shah government. In Naseri era, not only did these organizations develop, but also many changes in body and structure occurred. One of these important changes was in administration cabinet minister formation. Recognition of these changes and their efficient prerogatives, backgrounds and evaluation of critical attitudes of thinkers of the period constitute the argument of the present study. The present study utilizes archival historical documents and descriptive-analytical method. The results of the study indicate that the most important prerogatives for such drastic changes in administrative structure were obviation of administrative confusion and chaos, authoritative  empowerment of the Qajar government ─ which had been enervated dramatically after their political and military defeat against Russia and Britain ─ emulation of administrative structure of western models ─ which had been materialized in Nasser Al-Din Shah’s expeditions to the West, modernization of the royal court and reformist affinities of some of political and administrative personages of the time.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cabinet Ministers
  • Iran
  • Nasser Al-Din Shah
  • Qajar